The Farm’s Springwater

The farm's springhouse has been completely restored, even beyond its former glory.

Hello, friends. April here again, with another blog post to catch you up on the last two years #downonthefarm. Today, I’m going to talk about the water Engineered Spirits uses. Specifically, the farm’s delicious springwater.

The farm has had a reliable springwater source at least since the mid 1800s, possibly even earlier. We don’t know who or when it was that someone first dug down a few feet and tapped into it, all those decades ago. But at some point after that, they or someone following them built the farm‘s historic springhouse out of local stone.

Those who followed after, including the Moore Family, used this same spring as their main water source until sometime in the 1980s. Over time, since the family now had water piped in from the local utility, the springhouse slowly fell into decay, while the spring itself still ran strongly beneath its crumbling walls.

A photo of the farm's springhouse as it appeared in July 2020, before any work to save it had been done.
A photo of the farm’s springhouse as it appeared in July 2020, before any work to save it had been done.

Fast forward to 2020, when we first started planning our distillery business in earnest. Chip had the farm’s springwater tested and the results showed that it was “a distiller’s dream.” But we knew it would take time to find a stonemason who would take on the project we began to refer to as our “Springhouse Revival.” We didn’t just want to repair the building, we wanted to restore it to the way it might have looked over 100 years ago, with stone walls above ground, as well as below. But our immediate concern was just preventing it from falling in completely.

On the southern side, a pecan tree in the orchard had dug its roots into the stone wall, shoving it slowly but steadily inward. On the north side, water and weather had done their worst and that wall too was sagging inward, directly over the deep sump containing the springwater we needed. The concrete block our grandfather had put on top of the original stone structure had completely separated at the base and there were broad cracks in every section. It was only a matter of time until it all toppled in completely.

The springhouse walls were in danger of collapsing entirely before we started work to stabilize them.
January 2021: The walls were badly bowed in before we started work to stabilize them.

So, in December 2020 and into February of 2021, we worked hand-in-hand with Chip’s uncles and father to stabilize it. We first brought in a steel tower and steel beams, from which we suspended two 400 lb. steel plates that were held in place up against the two most damaged walls. Then, we added oak posts and a series of six house jacks, which we put up against them at either end, bracing the walls apart. Or at least, we hoped they would.

Chip Moore hooks a chain to a steel beam as the family builds a support structure for the springhouse in January 2021.
January 2021: Chip Moore hooks a chain to a steel beam as the family builds a support structure for the springhouse.
Chip and Charles Moore stay out of the way as Thomas Moore lifts a 400 lb. steel plate with the farm's backhoe.
Chip and Charles Moore watch Uncle Tommy use the farm’s backhoe to lift a 400 lb. steel plate.
Thomas and Chip Moore tighten house jacks against 400 lb. steel plates to help brace the damaged walls apart.
Uncle Tommy and Chip tighten house jacks against the steel plates to help brace the damaged walls apart.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Luckily, our efforts paid off. Every few months, Chip would go down a ladder into the springhouse and tighten the jacks keeping the walls apart. Since we were going to need twice as much stone as before to rebuild it above ground, we began salvaging old cut stones from a fence that had been shoved off into our uncle’s field, just two miles away. We interviewed several stonemasons, too, but, for one reason or another, no one took up the project. 

Then in 2023, we met Sammy, who’d been helping out some contractors working on Papa and Granny’s house. He had some skill at working stone, he said, and was willing to take on the job. He had done several stone walls around town and had spent some time apprenticed under an elder stonemason. We checked out some of his work and offered him the job. 

Just before Sammy started work on the springhouse in the summer of 2023 it was overgrown with vines, but at least it was still standing.
June 2023, before work started: The springhouse was overgrown with vines, but at least it was still standing.

This was probably one of the best decisions we’d made so far, although, given the amount of backbreaking work required, we’re not entirely sure Sammy would agree!

He began work the week of July 4, 2023. Within two weeks he’d removed all the concrete block and had begun taking the original stone walls down to be rebuilt. The third week, Chip and Sammy met to discuss the next stage of work. By then, he and his team had already remortared the lower part of the western wall, re-laid and re-mortared the lower section of the southern wall, and begun excavating the northern wall. His plan was to bring all four walls back up together.

Two weeks in, the damaged concrete block walls were all gone.
July 16. 2023: The damaged concrete block walls were all gone and work had started below.
July 22: Sammy discusses the next stage of work with Chip as he digs out the northern wall of the springhouse.
July 22. 2023: Here, you can also see the pipe Sammy put in for a future pumping system that will connect directly to the distillery.
August 2023: Barriers were laid over the sump during this time to protect it from falling mortar.
August 2023: Barriers were laid over the sump during this time to protect it from falling mortar.
October 2023: Sammy discusses how we wants to finish the exterior walls with one of his crew members.
October 2023: Sammy discusses how we wants to finish the exterior walls with one of his crew members.
November 2023: The roof was going on, using materials Sammy salvaged from the farm's damaged trench silo.
November 2023: The roof was going on, using materials Sammy salvaged from the farm’s damaged trench silo.

Nonetheless, by December 2023, he and his crew of helpers had not only revived our springhouse; they had made it even more beautiful than we could have imagined. Our very own Christmas miracle. Sammy hadn’t just given us what we asked for; he had improved upon it in so many ways. If you’ve been following our social channels, you’ve probably heard about that.

December 2023: There was clean-up yet to do and it still needed a door, but the springhouse was all but finished.
December 2023: There was clean-up yet to do and it still needed a door, but the springhouse was all but finished.

Earlier this year, Sammy completed his last few tasks at the farm’s springhouse: black slates around the sump, a rustic door, and a screen for the window, so visitors can look in from the outside. It is truly a feat of craftsmanship and we look forward to the day when you can see it for yourself.

The farm's springhouse has been completely restored, even beyond its former glory.
The farm’s springhouse has been completely restored, even beyond its former glory.

And, of course, best of all, now we have both our corn and our springwater. It’s another huge step toward getting all the main ingredients for making our own whiskey directly from the farm.  Our corn, our water, our wood. 100% our whiskey. 

Guess what I’m going to tell you about next. 

Until then.

Jimmy Red Corn

Ears of dark red Jimmy Red heirloom corn

Hello, friends. April here. It’s been a long time since we wrote one of these and we apologize for that. But there’s a whole lot to update you on regarding Engineered Spirits, too much to cover in one post, so we hope you’ll be patient with us just a little bit longer as we tackle the main updates a topic at a time over the next few weeks.

About six years ago now, we started talking about finding a new purpose for the family farm after our family stopped raising beef cattle and “retired” from farming. But when you have a green belt farm with over 100 acres, you can’t just wake up one day and stop farming it. It was a couple of years before James Moore (better known as Chip to his friends and family) came up with the idea of building a farm distillery on the land and talked me (his wife) into it. That’s how we arrived at the name “Second Intention Farm.” Most folks would buy a farm to build a distillery, but in our case, we were building the distillery to save the farm.  

Even then, we knew we wanted to be in control of the ingredients that went into our products as much as possible. All during the lockdowns of 2020, we brainstormed, planned, and did research on the types of grains and botanicals we might grow to use in our products. We decided to start by growing heirloom corn and eventually I found an NPR article discussing a famous moonshiner corn that had been brought back from the edge of extinction, Jimmy Red. It was an interesting story and we like those.

We were able to get the seed of this unique, open-pollinated variety from a co-op in Alabama and then we spent that year and the following, really, just learning how to grow it. I won’t go into all that – our learning curve has been pretty well documented over the last four years on our social media channels, as well as on the farm’s – but ever since, we’ve been saving our own seed and planting and harvesting it with the vintage farm equipment our family owns. 

Jimmy Red produces dark, dark red ears that, when milled, make delicious pink grits, as well as pink cornmeal. Used as cornmeal, it makes anything you’d use that for even more delicious. Most distilleries use cornmeal to make their whiskeys and indeed there are a few using Jimmy Red now. But Chip didn’t want to use cornmeal. He wanted to do what those old moonshiners did and crack it. 

At Moonshine University – the training course for the Kentucky Distiller’s Association – Chip had learned how to cook the corn. But he’d never done it by himself on his own equipment. So, last year, he started practicing, using the farm’s cracked corn, turning it into beer, just going through the process he had learned. This year, he repeated the same process, but with cornmeal instead. Construction has been moving very slowly at the farm, so he figured he might as well practice. That way, once the distillery’s doors are open, we can hit the ground running.

All of this work just to learn the best way to make whiskey and to have a product we can be proud of. We could have bought Jimmy Red from a local farm. We know the farmer well. He has a combine and plants several acres. He uses modern techniques. But he also uses herbicides and pesticides so he can sell his corn on the market at a cheaper price.

We’re just not going to do that. Our corn is grown the way those old moonshiners grew it, with nothing but sun, rain, and a lot of hard work. It’s the farm’s crop, of course, but we know the history of how it was planted, grown, harvested, processed, milled, cooked and fermented. Eventually, we’ll also be able to tell you how it was distilled and barreled, all the way from the seed until you pour it in your glass.

Our goal is nothing less than this: Our corn, our water, our wood. 100% our whiskey. 

Now, we can check that first one off our list.

A Year on the Farm

Engineered Spirits - Red Buckeyes on the Ridge

Down on the Farm

Work never stops down on the farm, but even in the depths of winter, there’s always something to see, learn and experience.

In earliest January, we’re out in the woods, identifying trees, checking on the health of the forest, repairing trails and access roads, and addressing any problems that may harm our beautiful forests. Then, in a slowly drifting wave of color, the first native wildflowers appear on the forest floor – rue anemone, trilliums, toothworts, the first mayapples. In March and April, the forest  accelerates with the season, and now we see firepinks, Jack-in-the-Pulpit, wild hyacinths, dwarf larkspur, wild blue phlox, false garlic, bluebells, foamflower, and a host of other beautiful ephemerals, crescendoing in a great burst of color as the buckeyes light up the ridge in a blaze of red. But the show’s not over yet, and won’t be for months, as more native shrubs, trees, fruits, and wildflowers break into bloom. Hearing the hum of the first bees and hummingbirds all around as they visit these plants is something everyone should experience.

In April and May, as soon as the weather dries up a bit, we’re preparing our fields for planting crops, especially the heirloom Jimmy Red corn that the distillery plans to use for its products. In May the burgundy corn seeds go in, and then we’re weeding, fertilizing, and trying to keep the deer and raccoons away from the crop while it grows (we have a few innovative ways of doing that you may find amusing).

In the meantime, our summer vegetables for the kitchen have been planted in the vegetable beds, and new annual herbs, started from seed in our greenhouse, have been planted alongside the perennial herbs that have grown here all winter. All summer we’re harvesting fruit we’ve grown and foraging for wild ones, first strawberries and raspberries, then cherries, blackberries, mulberries, currants, elderberries, pears…. If we don’t eat them outright or serve them in the kitchen, they’ll be sold to the distillery to make the small batch, artisanal spirits for which it’s becoming known. And you’ll be able to be part of that forest-to-bottle story.

In August or September, of course,  it’s time to harvest the corn, so we’ll be out in the fields collecting firm ears of corn and putting them on the screens to dry, before sending to the mill. But we’re also collecting ripe pawpaws and persimmons as they come in, to round out the botanical flavors for our customers to enjoy, either in seasonal dishes served fresh from the farm’s kitchens or in an Engineered Spirits bottle. Learning how to identify and forage these unique fruits is an experience you’re sure to enjoy, just as we have.

Later in Autumn, we’ll mow or burn the wildflower meadow, collect seeds for next year,  and lime and fertilize the fields we’ll grow our corn in next spring.  As the holidays approach, we’ll collect nuts for the table and for use in new recipes. The Christmas Market will come and go in a splash of bright colors, carols, cool crafts and the smell of hot cocoa.

Then, once more, it will be time to reflect on what we’ve accomplished, plan our new endeavors and products for the coming year, and sit and dream with a nice glass of something by the fire as another beautiful year on the farm draws to a close. And then begins again.

It will take time for some of these plans to reach fruition, but each day, step-by-step, they come closer to reality. A week passes, or a month, and another piece of the puzzle slides into place.

In the coming months, we’ll be posting a calendar here and on the farm’s website, which will be launching later this month. From that calendar, you’ll be able to plan your visit to the distillery and to the farm and experience everything throughout the year we have to enjoy, whether that’s booking a tour of the distillery and a tasting, enjoying a farm fresh picnic lunch, or taking a tour of the botanical beds. We’ll hope you’ll consider joining us there.

Taking Care

Engineered Spirits - Wildflower Reserve

Down on the Farm

We were supposed to have started logging operations on the farm after Labor Day. Now we’re into October and the job hasn’t yet started. Time moves slowly on the farm. But eventually it does move forward.

With the help of a great professional forester, I personally selected 200 mature trees on our 114-acre farm for timbering. (It had to be me because everyone knows I’m the tree-hugger around here.) Seventy percent of those I selected are trees over 18 inches in diameter: hickory, oak, ash, maple, basswood and walnut. Some were larger than 30 inches. Wonderful trees, but they had achieved their maximum potential. If we’re going to maintain the health and vitality of our beautiful forest, it’s time to remove a few to make room and light for the younger trees around them, so they can do the same.

Almost a third of the trees I marked were ash trees, many of them on the north-facing slope of the ridge behind the main house. As we watch the emerald ash borer creep closer to our farm, it seems inevitable that these trees will all be standing deadwood in just a few years. For the sake of the forest, and our own safety, it’s best to remove them now, while they still have some timber value. Luckily, the insect only seems to attack mature ash trees. We’re hopeful that removing the bigger ones will enable the young ones to continue growing and thriving, long after the borer has moved on along its devastating path.

There are a few places on the farm, though, that are just too special to touch. We’ve set aside the hollow around the back pond as a wildflower reserve. We won’t be removing any trees there during our timber operation; we’re just going to let Nature take its course. We made that decision in the months before I had discovered the wealth of native wildflowers and fruits that are already growing in this special place, so now I’m really glad we did. 

Since spring, I’ve been adding more native plants to the reserve. For the species we already have there, like the pawpaws, adding more specimens promotes healthy genetic diversity in their population. Pawpaws develop root suckers that grow into additional plants to form a “patch,” or colony. But all the members of a patch are clones that cannot cross-pollinate to produce fruit. So, if we want to keep this delicious native fruit coming, it’s important to introduce new ones near the colonies we already have .

I’m also adding a few additional native species, like wild geranium and woodland phlox, to fill in the blank spots on the canvas. I feel like they could have been growing here previously, but may have gotten trampled out by the cattle who used to visit the pond when part of this area was pasture. Adding new species that are likely to do well here will promote even more species diversity on the land that’s in our care.

I was raised by my father to take care of my tools. My Southern church-going mother taught me to take care of other living things. Both of them taught me that we were put on this earth to care for it and be good stewards of its natural resources. And sometimes that means you have to make hard choices, such as which tree to cut.

I’ve always taken those lessons to heart and I carry them with me every day. But especially, when I spend time in the woods on our farm. That’s when I know, for sure, this is where I was meant to be. And exactly what I was meant to be doing.

Reliving History

Engineered Spirits - Misty Upper Field

Down on the Farm

I’ve been gardening in Tennessee for most of my life now and I am often asked how we grow food and flowers here without pesticides and other chemicals. I’ve been an advocate of organic methods for years and I try to get better at living that way all the time. But one thing that often strikes me about these conversations is that there seems to be a general perception that ideas like companion planting, making compost, collecting rainwater, etc. are new ones. 

Growing up in rural Tennessee in the 70s, we did all those things. They were practices that my mother taught me and her parents had taught her, and their parents had taught them. Even when I was a teenager, our family didn’t have access to bagged potting soil and mulch, power tools, or modern pesticides and fungicides. Those conveniences were just plain expensive. So instead we pushed around our wheelbarrows of aged manure, compost and leaf mould to improve the soil, mulched when we had leaves or straw to use, and hoed the weeds that came up when we didn’t. Most of the time we handpicked any bugs that were eating our vegetables. Sevin dust was available at the co-op, but we avoided using it because we felt it must be bad for the butterflies and bees. We knew we needed those to pollinate our fruit trees. We harvested our produce by hand, cooked it, canned it, or froze it, and then saved the seeds of cherished varieties to keep them going.

It was a lot of work, but I remember it fondly, because time spent shelling peas or shucking corn was also family time. I guess it was not so very different from the techniques people had used for centuries here to grow food to eat and flowers to enjoy, in the years before Home Depot, Walmart or Amazon.

So, what we’re doing at the farm is not so much trying something new, as it is returning to something older. We’re using the resources we have there already, or that we can get locally for free. 

Even though we’ve got a lot to do before the distillery can open its doors, you can already see these ideas slowly taking shape all over the farm. We could have torn down Papa’s old workshop, but instead we’re going to renovate it and use it as our headquarters. The old trench silo will have a new life as our barrel storage house. We’re restoring the spring house to its bygone glory. The trees that have fallen down over the years will now decompose in our permaculture beds, nourishing the farm’s clay soil for our botanicals. To reduce how much we have to mow, we’re planting a wildflower meadow in the orchard. In a few years, we hope we can just mow the paths and leave the rest tall. And so on and so forth. 

We realize we won’t always be able to accomplish everything we want in the way we want to, and many of our projects are going to take even longer to complete than they would if we just did the convenient thing. But these are our guiding principles. And that’s why the projects I mentioned are already underway. Because, when it comes to making a long-term change, there’s no time to start like the present.

We’re mindful of that present and we’re looking forward to the future, but we’re also turning to the past for inspiration and wisdom, when people lived on their own land, within their own means, and bartered or bought the things they couldn’t produce themselves from neighboring farms and craftspeople. No matter how many mistakes our ancestors may have made in life, no matter how many things they got wrong, there are quite a few things they got right. And we’re here to celebrate that.